Maya and Houdini are quite different software products. If you plan on using Houdini in the long term, I would start with Houdini, not Maya,
as it will be harder to un-learn the mindset you use in Maya, when you finally move into Houdini.
Studying Python is especially useful for pipelines (making sure all the files are written to the correct places for instance)
Learning advanced Maths is certainly not necessary for now, as long as you know what sin, cos, tan and % do in terms of math, you can do almost anything already.